논문실전/Introduction

[영어논문쓰기,서론,introduction]영어논문,서론예시

승목이 2016. 8. 13. 16:41


배경설명  

 

knee osteoarthritis is a common cause of severe pain and functional limitation 

knee osteoarthritis is a major public health issue that causes chronic pain and disability

Knee pain is common musculoskeletal problem in elderly, and its prevalence increases with age

Knee pain leads to physical disability and decreased quality of life

Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of knee pain and physical disability in elderly and knee pain derived from OA is a key symptom influencing the decision to seek medical attention

are the generally accepted mode of evaluation of the longevity of an implant

Numerous …. Have been devised and they are increasingly used in various ways to assess…..

Various .. systems may be used to compare….. and…. Although no agreed standardization of ……

Have been adopted of all providers of elective surgery

 

 

이전연구 인용 

 

Previous research has shown that 

Previous study showed that

Hawker et al.(4) found that 

Beard et al noted that

Katz et al. demonstrated that 

Advocates propose that

Others have suggested that

A population survey suggested that

Furthermore, in terms of risk factors, studies in …. Have suggested that

Mizner et al argue that

Terwee et al define …. As…

In a study comparing patient from 

It has been suggested that

It has been consistently reported that

Recent studies suggest that 

Previous studies have focused mostly on

have also been observed in

there is growing evidence that

there is increasing recognition that…. And recent work has validated this approach, demonstrating that…

 

 

자기 연구 강점


To date, no prospective study has compared .. and..  

However, almost all of these studies include only patients with …, and there are few..studies regarding …

There is little information on the impact of knee OA with QOL in japan

Any difference between … and … are potentially important

It would thus be of interest to clarify the impact of OA on QOL..

…is controversial. Thus it would be interesting to determine whether

No studies have examined

 

자기 연구 목표


The initial aims of this study were to determine (1) whether... (2) whether it was possible to identify consistent characteristics 

 

In this cross sectional study, we investigated the…. and its influence on….

 

The first objective of this study is to clarify…. , we also examined ….. Finally, we analyzed…

 

 

가설 제시

 

We hypothesized that (1) there would be a significant difference in ….